The Role of Fiscal Policy in G20 Countries in the Context of the Environmental Kuznets Curve Hypothesis

Fiscal policy is an essential tool that policymakers use for guiding the economy. Thus, effects of fiscal may affect many aspects our lives, including impact carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. This article investigates role policy, in addition to gross domestic product (GDP), innovation, and financial development, mitigating CO2 emissions context Environmental Kuznets Curve theory Group Twenty (G20) countries from 1995 2019. The study implied autoregressive distributed lag pooled mean group (ARDL-PMG) approach analyze suggested model. results revealed validity model G20 countries, as well a long-run cointegration between variables. also showed associated positively with Hence, we recommend reconsidering applied redirecting it support clean energy projects, provide incentives projects combating environmental degradation, relying on environmentally friendly energy.